Understanding T+1 settlement

In May 2024, US and Canadian markets will be moving to T+1 settlement cycle. As we transition to the shorter settlement cycle, we believe it is important for you to be aware of this upcoming change and the preparation CC&L has been making, alongside our industry partners.

Below are answers to common questions to help you understand the upcoming T+1 settlement transition, as well as the work we are doing to prepare for it.

What is T+1 settlement?

T+1 settlement refers to the process where securities transactions are completed one business day after a trade has been executed. Currently, in Canada, the US and Mexico, the standard is to settle these transactions two days after the trade (i.e., T+2).

Which markets are moving to T+1?

The US and Canadian markets are planning to switch to T+1 settlement over the Memorial Day weekend between May 25 and May 28, 2024. Mexico wants to make this change to align with the US, but is waiting for regulatory approval.

Europe and the UK are also looking to compress their securities settlement cycle. The Association for Financial Markets in Europe (AFME) established a T+1 industry taskforce in March 2023 and the UK formed a similar group called the Accelerated Settlement Taskforce in December 2022. However, neither Europe nor the UK has set a date for when they might move to T+1 settlement.

What is the live date for T+1 settlement in Canada and the US?

Canada settlement cycle T+1 transition timeline

US settlement cycle T+1 transition timeline

What are the benefits of T+1 settlement?

Moving to T+1 settlement has several advantages. According to the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC), it makes trading safer by shortening the time between making and settling a trade. This also helps protect investors and makes the trading process more efficient. A faster settlement time can lower credit and counterparty risk and collateral costs and increase market liquidity. It can also help reduce broker-dealer margin and collateral requirements.

What makes the move to T+1 distinct from previous settlement date compressions?

The shift to T+1 settlement is different and more complicated than past changes, such as the move from T+3 to T+2 in 2017, with a more aggressive timeline involving more complex technology and process updates. The previous change was a joint decision by the industry and regulators to make clearing and settlement safer and better coordinate with EU and UK trade lifecycle timelines. The move to T+1 is being driven by specific events and is mandated by the SEC, making it more challenging for market participants.

What are the key challenges in switching to T+1 settlement?

Moving to T+1 settlement brings up several challenges. First, while it reduces risk for those selling securities, it increases the work and potential for error on the buy side because of the compressed settlement timeline. This change means firms need to closely examine how they operate to handle the quicker pace.

Key issues for our firm include:

• Different settlement times in global markets, which can make coordinating trades more complicated.
• The timing of currency exchanges that need to happen after securities trades, which can affect when and how trades are settled.
• Managing the cashflow cycle for pooled funds and segregated clients, which influences when trades can happen and requires changes in how investment teams work.

These challenges means firms must plan carefully to continue trading without issue under the new, quicker settlement timeline.

Which securities will the reduced settlement cycle affect?

The Canadian Capital Markets Association (CCMA) has compiled a list of securities scheduled to transition from the current T+2 settlement cycle to T+1 cycle in 2024. You can access the list at the CCMA’s website at: https://ccma-acmc.ca/en/t1-resources/canadian-t1-asset-list-liste-dactifs-canadiens-t1/.

The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC) also offers information on settlement cycles and related changes on its website at dtcc.com.

Will there be penalties for settling bonds and trades late?

No new penalties will be introduced; however, if registered dealers and advisers fail to meet the trade matching target requirements, they could face consequences. The Bank of Canada is considering charging a fee for any government bond trades that settle outside the prescribed timeframe. This fee would only be introduced after the transition to T+1 is complete, and the impact of the fee is properly assessed.

How is CC&L preparing for T+1 settlement?

In spring 2023, CC&L formed a project team to address the shift to T+1 settlement. This team is divided into four main workstreams focused on identifying and resolving issues and making changes in how trades are managed, covering everything from legal requirements to how trades are funded and settled.

It is also imperative that our peers and industry stakeholders are ready for this change. CC&L has started talking to brokers and custodians to understand their plans for T+1 and to determine what CC&L needs to maintain best execution.

Additionally, CC&L has consulted with technology providers to explore tools that could help with a shorter settlement period.

What are CC&L’s next steps?

As May 2024 approaches, CC&L will continue communicating with industry partners and clients, educating them about the change and working on necessary adjustments to meet the new standard.

Any updates to how CC&L handles transactions will be shared with clients closer to the start date.

If your question wasn’t answered above, please contact us at [email protected].